Use of ozone

Effect of ozone

01 Sterilizing power
  • Ozone kills bacteria a few thousand times quicker than chlorine.
  • Virus are killed right after they touch ozone.
  • Ozone kills pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, vibrio, 0-157.
  • Byproduct of ozone is oxygen only.
  • Ozone is used to sterilize various bacteria
02 Decomposing power
  • Decompose, oxidize and remove agricultural chemicals in fruits and vegetables
  • Oxidize oil and deposit heavy metals and remove phenol.
  • Remove heavy metals such as iron, aluminum, manganese and sulfur and make water soft.
  • Oxidize and decompose organic and inorganic matters
  • Control halogenated organic matters
03 Decolorization and deodorization
  • Purify air and water
  • Decolorize water and wastewater
  • Remove pollutants in water
  • Remove odors
  • Remove taste, detergents and insecticides

Comparison of ozone generator and other sterilizing apparatuses

Target substances ozone Ultraviolet rays Chlorine sterilization
Reproduction of fish possible possible impossible
Offensive odor treatment possible impossible 약새
Dissolved oxygen Increase Remain the same Remain the same
Harmful substances None None Generation of carcinogenic substance
Sterilization 100% 100% 100%
Virus sterilization 100% 100% Harmful if a great quantity is used
Secondary pollution None None Harmful
Organic matter Removable Not removable Generation of hazardous material
Removal of algae and sea Removable Not removable Removable
Administrative expenses Power cost Power cost power + chemicals
Installation charges high high low

Ozone’s sterilizing effect in a state of liquid

Ozone’s disinfection effect in a state of liquid varies depending on types and concentration of microbes present.
Ozone’s disinfection effect in a state of liquid varies greatly depending on physical and chemical conditions of water to be treated such as pH, water temperature, ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and suspended solid in water.
Ozone can sterilize vegetative form bacteria easily because it is less influenced by pH and temperature than chlorine.
Aerobic bacteria is more sensitive to ozone than anaerobic bacteria. Spore-forming bacteria shows strong resistance to ozone.
Picture below shows ozone’s sterilizing effect on bacteria in water.

Ozone’s environmental standard

Country South Korea Japan USA
Organization Ministry of Environment Japan Occupational Hygiene Association OSHA
Thresholds(ppm) 0.06(8hours) 0.06(8hours) 0.1(8hours)
0.1(1hour) 0.12(1hour) 0.3(15~30minutes)

Use of ozone

Influence of ozone on human body

Concentration Exposure time Influence
0.05-0.1 Immediately Unpleasant smell
0.05-0.3 30 min. ~6hr. Deterioration of motor skills, Decline in learning ability
0.08-0.4 3~4hr. Infection of respiratory system
0.1-0.3 1hr. Stimulation to respiratory system, deterioration of respiratory disease
01.-1.0 1hr. Increased airway resistance
0.1-1.0 2weeks headache, visual impairments
0.25-0.75 2hr. Decline in lung function
0.6-0.8 2hr Chest pain, cough, airway stimulus
0.94 1hr. and half cough, hypopnes

Determination of capacity of ozone: CT value

CT value is germicide contact time (T) applicable to a product of residual disinfectant concentration(mg/l or ppm or g/㎥) (C).
In other words, CT value is ‘concentration of ozone × detention time’.
Some treatment requires sufficient ozone in water along with proper contact time. In advanced water treatment,
CT value of ozone is applied to a design as a standard needed for sterilization and serves as a standard for lots
of studies and experiments.

If CT value used in waste water treatment plant is 160, it means that dissolved oxygen rate is 160g/l min.
Operator has option to use ozone at 20ppm for 8 min. or at 40ppm for 4 min.

Fields that ozone can be applied

  • 01 water treatment

    Sterilization, Removal of taste and odor, Decomposition of surfactant, Removal of iron and manganese, Improvement in efficiency of coagulative precipitation, Removal of ingredient of agricultural chemical, Repression of algae, Repression of generation of carcinogenic substance(THM)

  • 02 wastewater treatment

    Removal of BOD, and COD, BD BOD of NBD BOD components, Decomposition and removal of cyanophenol, Depolymerization of high molecular substance

  • 03 excretions and sewage treatment

    Sterilization, Removal of odor, Removal of BOD and COD

  • 04 Reusable wastewater

    Sterilization, Removal of BOD, COD, odor and color

  • 05 Use in industry

    Bleaching of pulp and paper, Manufacturing of drug medicine, Strengthening of adhesive property of P.E. Experiment with aging of rubber

  • 06 Cooling tower

    Removal of legionella, main culprit of air-condsitioningitis, virus and bacteria, Water saving, power cost saving

  • 07 Swimming pool

    Alleviation of water pollution caused by excessive use of chemical, Removal of bad smell, Keeping water clear and transparent, Sterilization, Air purification, Water saving

  • 08 Others

    Water sterilized by ozone helps vegetable to grow and prevents food from being decomposed and keeps food fresh and keeps food from going bad

Application by classification

Ozone was used to sterilize water at first and currently it is used for sterilization of pool water , cooling water for air conditioner, control of microbes and hospital and sewage treatment.

Water treatment field · Water treatment : Ozone is used to remove smell and taste of water. Ozone is used in all phases of granular activated carbon. Ozone helps promote biologic action in active carbon and lengthen the life of active carbon. Ozone is used as part of THM’s control.
· Wastewater treatment : Ozone is used to remove color and odor, stabilize organic matters and sterilize in tertiary treatment.
· Sludge treatment : Ozone is used to remove yellowish brown of secondary effluent, oxidize nitrous acid and remove COD.
· Industry and drainage : Ozone is used to remove color of dye wastewater and pulp wastewater, sterilize algae in cooling water and pool water and manufacture water without bacteria. Dye whose solubility is low in water has less effect in discoloration.
Air purification field Ozone is used to remove bad smell in exhaust gas from sludge treatment facility and food plant and deodorize refrigerator. Ozone is excellent in removing ammonia.
Food field Ozone is used to prevent processed food from going bad and keep food fresh. Ozone is used to inactivate bacteria in processing room and refrigerator. Food and cooking utensils are sterilized and cleaned in water that ozone is dissolved. Applications of ozone are as follows

① Water sterilized by ozone is used to manufacture or clean food.
② Raw materials are sterilized by ozone.
③ Ozone is used for manufacturing process and final products.
④ Air in a plant is sterilized by ozone.
⑤ Ozone gas is infused into package to keep food fresh.
Other fields Sterilization
· Sterilization by ozone results from burst and decomposition of bacteria’s cell wall.
· Colon bacterium, staphylococcus, salmonella, and O157 are easily killed in even low concentration ozone.
· Sterilization by ozone was used in storing food and purifying air in Europe and America early
· Use of ozone has increased in USA and Japan. FDA’s GRAS.

Applications
Purification of water and wastewater, food storage, food processing, swimming pool, bath house, aquarium, medical instruments, hospital, clean room, beer factory, paper-making factory, bottled water factory, elevated tank, aquaculture, mothproof/insecticide, bio, water culture, livestock, cuisine, sterilizer, air cleaner, sterilization of air absorbed into air conditioner
Oxidization
Removal of taste• smell, Removal of iron •manganese, Restraint of generation of carcinogenic substances, Removal of micro organic matters, Removal of agricultural chemicals, phenol and hydrogen cyanide, Removal of BOD•COD, Depolymerization of high molecular substance, Oxidization of toxic materials

Applications
water treatment, excretions and sewage treatment, industrial waste water treatment, semiconductor surface treatment(creation of oxidized thin film), steelworks and power plant water treatment, removal of manganese
Deodorization
Oxidation decomposition of bad smell

Applications
restaurant/cuisine, food processing plant, air cleaner, refrigerator, water and wastewater treatment, rest room, hog farm/cowshed/poultry farm, refuse disposal plant, fertilizer plant, chemicals plant, printing/painting plant, dye works, etc.
Decolorization
removal of color

Fields that ozone can be applied
wastewater treatment, excretions treatment, dye wastewater treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, small septic tanks, food bleaching, pulp bleaching
Others
for treatment(Ozone therapy), Combustion improver, reaction accelerator

Use of ozone

The amount of ozone required according to use

General ozone injection is as follows but varies greatly depending on absorption rate and water quality of target and thus separate experiments are recommended to find the amount of ozone required.

Target Use Concentration of ozone
beverage sterilization 0.1~1.2 ppm
Decoloration 1.5~4.0 ppm
Removal of bad smell 0.5~2.0 ppm
Smell of sewage deordorization 0.1~ 5.0 ppm
Contact time is 5~30seconds in a state that ozone is mixed well
Industrial wastewater sterilization, deordorization, removal of BOD, COD 10~20ppm
Decoloration The range of fluctuation is great
Removal of phenols(colorless crystal with bad smell) Ozone 400ppm per phenol 200ppm

Use of ozone generator according to its capacity

General ozone production is as follows but varies greatly depending on absorption rate, concentration and water quality of target and thus separate experiments are recommended to find ozone production.

production(g/hr) Size of ozone generator Use
0-10 Small size for general use refrigerator, water purifier, cars
10-100 Small size for industrial use Swimming pool, extra water, fumigation
100-1000 Medium and large size for industrial use Sewage and semiconductor
1000-5000 Large size Night soil treatment facility
5000- Extra large size Purification plant, pulp